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司马岳

(东晋第四位皇帝)
最后更新于:2022-11-26 15:15:28

<a href=/renwu/2734.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2734.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27949.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马岳</a></a></a>                                                                                中文名:司马岳                                                        国籍:东晋                                                        民族:汉族                                                        出生地:建康                                                        出生日期:322年                                                        逝世日期:344年                                                                                                                                    职业:皇帝、书法家                                                        代表作品:《陆女帖》                                                        在位:342年―344年                                                        谥号:康皇帝                                                        年号:建元                                                        陵墓:崇平陵司马岳介绍     <a href=/renwu/2734.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>晋康帝</a>司马岳(322年―344年),字世同,<a href=/renwu/2732.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>晋明帝</a><a href=/renwu/2732.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2732.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/28002.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马绍</a></a></a>次子,<a href=/renwu/2730.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>晋成帝</a><a href=/renwu/2730.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2730.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27988.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马衍</a></a></a>同母弟,母明穆皇后庾文君,东晋第四位皇帝,342年―344年在位。司马岳在其兄晋成帝继位后,受封吴王。后改封琅邪王,历任散骑常侍、骠骑将军、侍中、司徒。咸康八年(342年),晋成帝病重,在掌权的<a href=/renwu/2844.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>庾冰</a>等人建议下,舍弃二子,立弟司马岳为皇位继承人。同年,晋成帝去世,司马岳继位。建元二年(344年),司马岳去世,终年二十三岁,谥号康皇帝,葬于崇平陵(今江苏省江宁县蒋山)。司马岳既是皇帝,也是位书法家,他代表作品《陆女帖》,被收录进宋代的《淳化阁帖》。人物生平早年经历太宁三年(325年),司马岳的父亲晋明帝司马绍去世,司马岳的同母兄晋成帝司马衍继位。咸和元年(326年)十月十三日,晋成帝封司马岳为吴王。咸和二年(327年)十二月十六日,晋成帝改封叔父琅琊王<a href=/renwu/2728.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2728.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27989.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马昱</a></a></a>为会稽王,将司马岳改封为琅邪王。咸和九年(334年)十二月二十八日,晋成帝任命司马岳为散骑常侍,加任骠骑将军。咸康五年(339年)十二月十六日,司马岳升任侍中、司徒。登基为帝咸康八年(342年)五月,晋成帝身体不适。六月初五日,晋成帝病情加重。当时,晋成帝的两个儿子<a href=/renwu/2720.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2720.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27938.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马丕</a></a></a>和<a href=/renwu/2713.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2713.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27942.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马奕</a></a></a>年幼,尚在襁褓之中。晋成帝的舅舅庾冰因为自己兄弟执掌朝政已久,怕皇帝换代之后,自己与皇帝亲属之间的关系愈加疏远,因而受到他人的离间,常常劝说晋成帝国家外有强敌,应当册立年纪大的君王,并请求让晋成帝立司马岳为皇位继承人,晋成帝同意,于是下诏立司马岳为皇位继承人。六月初七日,晋成帝命武陵王<a href=/renwu/2718.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27876.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马晞</a></a>、会稽王司马昱、中书监庾冰、中书令<a href=/renwu/2540.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>何充</a>、尚书令<a href=/renwu/2891.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27944.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>诸葛恢</a></a>一并接受遗诏辅佐司马岳。六月初八日,晋成帝去世。六月初九日,司马岳即皇帝位,是为晋康帝,大赦天下。命在各地屯兵驻守的文武将领和地方郡守官长,不可擅离职守前来奔丧。六月十四日,晋康帝封晋成帝二子,司马丕为琅邪王、司马奕为<a href=/renwu/3317.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>东海王</a>。当时晋康帝正处居丧期间不能多言,委托庾冰、何充处理政务。英年早逝建元二年(344年)九月二十四日,晋康帝立皇子<a href=/renwu/2698.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2698.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27983.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马聃</a></a></a>为皇太子。九月二十六日,晋康帝在式乾殿驾崩,时年二十三岁,谥号康皇帝。晋康帝死后,太子司马聃继位,是为<a href=/renwu/2698.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>晋穆帝</a>。十月二十三日,晋穆帝将父亲晋康帝安葬于崇平陵(今江苏南京钟山)。主要成就书法成就司马岳在位只有短短三年,没有大的政绩。但是他的书法造诣很深,代表作《陆女帖》,被收进宋代《淳化阁帖》。《淳化阁帖》是中国最早的一部汇集各家书法墨迹的法帖,被后世誉为中国法帖之冠和“丛帖始祖”。历史评价司马衍:“体则仁长,君人之风,允塞时望。”曹毗《歌康帝》:“康皇穆穆,仰嗣洪德。为而不宰,雅音四塞。闲邪以诚,镇物以默。威静区宇,道宣邦国。”<a href=/renwu/3470.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/29466.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>房玄龄</a></a>等《晋书》:“康后天资,居哀礼缛。坠典方兴,降龄奚促。”史籍记载《晋书&middot;卷七&middot;帝纪第七》赞 踩 相关专题更多 <a href=/chaodai/jin.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>晋朝</a>皇帝列表晋朝(265—420年),是<a href=/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>中国历史</a>上九个大一统朝代之一,分为西晋与东晋两个时期。它上承<a href=/chaodai/sanguo.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>三国</a>,下<a href=/renwu/93.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>启</a><a href=/chaodai/nanbei.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>南北朝</a>,属于六朝之一。两晋总历时一百五十五年,共传十五帝。... 晋朝晋朝(265—420年),分为西晋与东晋两个时期,西晋为中国历史上九个大一统王朝之一,两晋上承三国下启南北朝,其中东晋属于六朝之一。266年<a href=/renwu/2458.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2458.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27978.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马炎</a></a></a>篡魏,建国号为晋,定都洛阳,史称西晋,280年灭东吴,完成统一,后经历“八王之乱”。<a href=/renwu/2710.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2470.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27960.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>晋愍帝</a></a></a>迁都长安,316年灭西晋,建立了十六个国家,史称“五胡乱华”。317年,晋室南渡,<a href=/renwu/2726.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2726.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27957.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>司马睿</a></a></a>在建邺建立东晋,东晋曾多次北伐。383年东晋与前秦淝水之战后得到暂时巩固。两晋时期少数民族迁至中原,加强了民族融合,北人南迁,开发了江南地区。两晋总历时一百五十六年。420年,<a href=/renwu/2902.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2902.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/28509.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>刘裕</a></a></a>建立宋,东晋灭亡。...        与司马岳相关人物更多                                       司马绍                                                  司马衍                                                  司马聃                                                  司马丕                                                  <a href=/renwu/2472.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27930.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>褚蒜子</a></a>                                                  <a href=/renwu/2798.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/27831.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>王述</a></a>                   司马岳的故事更多历史朝代介绍更多    朝代都城建立者<a href=/chaodai/xia.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>夏朝</a>安邑<a href=/renwu/91.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/44648.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/44648.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>大禹</a></a></a><a href=/chaodai/shang.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>商朝</a>亳<a href=/renwu/136.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/44670.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/44670.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>商汤</a></a></a><a href=/chaodai/zhou.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>周朝</a><a href=/chaodai/zhou.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>西周</a>镐京<a href=/renwu/43501.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/43501.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>周武王</a></a><a href=/renwu/192.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>姬发</a>东周洛邑<a href=/renwu/203.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>周平王</a><a href=/renwu/578.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/240.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/43680.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/43680.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>姬宜臼</a></a></a></a>春秋 --战国 --<a href=/chaodai/qin.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>秦朝</a>咸阳始皇帝<a href=/renwu/1064.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/43847.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/43847.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>嬴政</a></a></a>西楚彭城西<a href=/renwu/43574.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/43574.html target=_blank 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class=infotextkey>晋元帝</a></a></a>司马睿五胡十六国-见五胡十六国表南北朝南朝刘<a href=/renwu/2155.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>宋建</a>康<a href=/renwu/2902.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>宋武帝</a>刘裕萧齐建康<a href=/renwu/2936.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>齐高帝</a><a href=/renwu/2936.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2936.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/28535.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>萧道成</a></a></a>萧梁建康<a href=/renwu/2905.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>梁武帝</a><a href=/renwu/2905.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2905.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/28715.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>萧衍</a></a></a>南陈建康<a href=/renwu/2921.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/1824.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/31671.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>陈武</a></a>帝</a><a href=/renwu/2921.html target=_blank class=infotextkey><a href=/renwu/2921.html target=_blank 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晋康帝司马岳(322年―344年),字世同,晋明帝司马绍次子,晋成帝司马衍同母弟,母明穆皇后庾文君,东晋第四位皇帝,342年―344年在位。

司马岳在其兄晋成帝继位后,受封吴王。后改封琅邪王,历任散骑常侍、骠骑将军、侍中、司徒。

咸康八年(342年),晋成帝病重,在掌权的庾冰等人建议下,舍弃二子,立弟司马岳为皇位继承人。同年,晋成帝去世,司马岳继位。

建元二年(344年),司马岳去世,终年二十三岁,谥号康皇帝,葬于崇平陵(今江苏省江宁县蒋山)。

司马岳既是皇帝,也是位书法家,他代表作品《陆女帖》,被收录进宋代的《淳化阁帖》。

人物生平

早年经历

太宁三年(325年),司马岳的父亲晋明帝司马绍去世,司马岳的同母兄晋成帝司马衍继位。咸和元年(326年)十月十三日,晋成帝封司马岳为吴王。

咸和二年(327年)十二月十六日,晋成帝改封叔父琅琊王司马昱为会稽王,将司马岳改封为琅邪王。

咸和九年(334年)十二月二十八日,晋成帝任命司马岳为散骑常侍,加任骠骑将军。

咸康五年(339年)十二月十六日,司马岳升任侍中、司徒。

登基为帝

咸康八年(342年)五月,晋成帝身体不适。六月初五日,晋成帝病情加重。当时,晋成帝的两个儿子司马丕和司马奕年幼,尚在襁褓之中。晋成帝的舅舅庾冰因为自己兄弟执掌朝政已久,怕皇帝换代之后,自己与皇帝亲属之间的关系愈加疏远,因而受到他人的离间,常常劝说晋成帝国家外有强敌,应当册立年纪大的君王,并请求让晋成帝立司马岳为皇位继承人,晋成帝同意,于是下诏立司马岳为皇位继承人。六月初七日,晋成帝命武陵王司马晞、会稽王司马昱、中书监庾冰、中书令何充、尚书令诸葛恢一并接受遗诏辅佐司马岳。

六月初八日,晋成帝去世。六月初九日,司马岳即皇帝位,是为晋康帝,大赦天下。命在各地屯兵驻守的文武将领和地方郡守官长,不可擅离职守前来奔丧。六月十四日,晋康帝封晋成帝二子,司马丕为琅邪王、司马奕为东海王。当时晋康帝正处居丧期间不能多言,委托庾冰、何充处理政务。

英年早逝

建元二年(344年)九月二十四日,晋康帝立皇子司马聃为皇太子。九月二十六日,晋康帝在式乾殿驾崩,时年二十三岁,谥号康皇帝。晋康帝死后,太子司马聃继位,是为晋穆帝。十月二十三日,晋穆帝将父亲晋康帝安葬于崇平陵(今江苏南京钟山)。

主要成就

书法成就

司马岳在位只有短短三年,没有大的政绩。但是他的书法造诣很深,代表作《陆女帖》,被收进宋代《淳化阁帖》。《淳化阁帖》是中国最早的一部汇集各家书法墨迹的法帖,被后世誉为中国法帖之冠和“丛帖始祖”。

历史评价

司马衍:“体则仁长,君人之风,允塞时望。”

曹毗《歌康帝》:“康皇穆穆,仰嗣洪德。为而不宰,雅音四塞。闲邪以诚,镇物以默。威静区宇,道宣邦国。”

房玄龄等《晋书》:“康后天资,居哀礼缛。坠典方兴,降龄奚促。”

史籍记载

《晋书.卷七.帝纪第七》

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